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rclone/docs/content/rc.md
Nick Craig-Wood c4b0a37b21 rc: improve docs on debugging
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---
title: "Remote Control"
description: "Remote controlling rclone"
date: "2018-03-05"
---
# Remote controlling rclone #
If rclone is run with the `--rc` flag then it starts an http server
which can be used to remote control rclone.
If you just want to run a remote control then see the [rcd command](/commands/rclone_rcd/).
**NB** this is experimental and everything here is subject to change!
## Supported parameters
### --rc
Flag to start the http server listen on remote requests
### --rc-addr=IP
IPaddress:Port or :Port to bind server to. (default "localhost:5572")
### --rc-cert=KEY
SSL PEM key (concatenation of certificate and CA certificate)
### --rc-client-ca=PATH
Client certificate authority to verify clients with
### --rc-htpasswd=PATH
htpasswd file - if not provided no authentication is done
### --rc-key=PATH
SSL PEM Private key
### --rc-max-header-bytes=VALUE
Maximum size of request header (default 4096)
### --rc-user=VALUE
User name for authentication.
### --rc-pass=VALUE
Password for authentication.
### --rc-realm=VALUE
Realm for authentication (default "rclone")
### --rc-server-read-timeout=DURATION
Timeout for server reading data (default 1h0m0s)
### --rc-server-write-timeout=DURATION
Timeout for server writing data (default 1h0m0s)
### --rc-serve
Enable the serving of remote objects via the HTTP interface. This
means objects will be accessible at http://127.0.0.1:5572/ by default,
so you can browse to http://127.0.0.1:5572/ or http://127.0.0.1:5572/*
to see a listing of the remotes. Objects may be requested from
remotes using this syntax http://127.0.0.1:5572/[remote:path]/path/to/object
Default Off.
### --rc-files /path/to/directory
Path to local files to serve on the HTTP server.
If this is set then rclone will serve the files in that directory. It
will also open the root in the web browser if specified. This is for
implementing browser based GUIs for rclone functions.
If `--rc-user` or `--rc-pass` is set then the URL that is opened will
have the authorization in the URL in the `http://user:pass@localhost/`
style.
Default Off.
### --rc-no-auth
By default rclone will require authorisation to have been set up on
the rc interface in order to use any methods which access any rclone
remotes. Eg `operations/list` is denied as it involved creating a
remote as is `sync/copy`.
If this is set then no authorisation will be required on the server to
use these methods. The alternative is to use `--rc-user` and
`--rc-pass` and use these credentials in the request.
Default Off.
## Accessing the remote control via the rclone rc command
Rclone itself implements the remote control protocol in its `rclone
rc` command.
You can use it like this
```
$ rclone rc rc/noop param1=one param2=two
{
"param1": "one",
"param2": "two"
}
```
Run `rclone rc` on its own to see the help for the installed remote
control commands.
`rclone rc` also supports a `--json` flag which can be used to send
more complicated input parameters.
```
$ rclone rc --json '{ "p1": [1,"2",null,4], "p2": { "a":1, "b":2 } }' rc/noop
{
"p1": [
1,
"2",
null,
4
],
"p2": {
"a": 1,
"b": 2
}
}
```
## Special parameters
The rc interface supports some special parameters which apply to
**all** commands. These start with `_` to show they are different.
### Running asynchronous jobs with _async = true
If `_async` has a true value when supplied to an rc call then it will
return immediately with a job id and the task will be run in the
background. The `job/status` call can be used to get information of
the background job. The job can be queried for up to 1 minute after
it has finished.
It is recommended that potentially long running jobs, eg `sync/sync`,
`sync/copy`, `sync/move`, `operations/purge` are run with the `_async`
flag to avoid any potential problems with the HTTP request and
response timing out.
Starting a job with the `_async` flag:
```
$ rclone rc --json '{ "p1": [1,"2",null,4], "p2": { "a":1, "b":2 }, "_async": true }' rc/noop
{
"jobid": 2
}
```
Query the status to see if the job has finished. For more information
on the meaning of these return parameters see the `job/status` call.
```
$ rclone rc --json '{ "jobid":2 }' job/status
{
"duration": 0.000124163,
"endTime": "2018-10-27T11:38:07.911245881+01:00",
"error": "",
"finished": true,
"id": 2,
"output": {
"_async": true,
"p1": [
1,
"2",
null,
4
],
"p2": {
"a": 1,
"b": 2
}
},
"startTime": "2018-10-27T11:38:07.911121728+01:00",
"success": true
}
```
`job/list` can be used to show the running or recently completed jobs
```
$ rclone rc job/list
{
"jobids": [
2
]
}
```
## Supported commands
<!--- autogenerated start - run make rcdocs - don't edit here -->
### cache/expire: Purge a remote from cache
Purge a remote from the cache backend. Supports either a directory or a file.
Params:
- remote = path to remote (required)
- withData = true/false to delete cached data (chunks) as well (optional)
Eg
rclone rc cache/expire remote=path/to/sub/folder/
rclone rc cache/expire remote=/ withData=true
### cache/fetch: Fetch file chunks
Ensure the specified file chunks are cached on disk.
The chunks= parameter specifies the file chunks to check.
It takes a comma separated list of array slice indices.
The slice indices are similar to Python slices: start[:end]
start is the 0 based chunk number from the beginning of the file
to fetch inclusive. end is 0 based chunk number from the beginning
of the file to fetch exclisive.
Both values can be negative, in which case they count from the back
of the file. The value "-5:" represents the last 5 chunks of a file.
Some valid examples are:
":5,-5:" -> the first and last five chunks
"0,-2" -> the first and the second last chunk
"0:10" -> the first ten chunks
Any parameter with a key that starts with "file" can be used to
specify files to fetch, eg
rclone rc cache/fetch chunks=0 file=hello file2=home/goodbye
File names will automatically be encrypted when the a crypt remote
is used on top of the cache.
### cache/stats: Get cache stats
Show statistics for the cache remote.
### config/create: create the config for a remote.
This takes the following parameters
- name - name of remote
- type - type of new remote
- type - type of the new remote
See the [config create command](/commands/rclone_config_create/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/delete: Delete a remote in the config file.
Parameters:
- name - name of remote to delete
See the [config delete command](/commands/rclone_config_delete/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/dump: Dumps the config file.
Returns a JSON object:
- key: value
Where keys are remote names and values are the config parameters.
See the [config dump command](/commands/rclone_config_dump/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/get: Get a remote in the config file.
Parameters:
- name - name of remote to get
See the [config dump command](/commands/rclone_config_dump/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/listremotes: Lists the remotes in the config file.
Returns
- remotes - array of remote names
See the [listremotes command](/commands/rclone_listremotes/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/password: password the config for a remote.
This takes the following parameters
- name - name of remote
- type - type of new remote
See the [config password command](/commands/rclone_config_password/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/providers: Shows how providers are configured in the config file.
Returns a JSON object:
- providers - array of objects
See the [config providers command](/commands/rclone_config_providers/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### config/update: update the config for a remote.
This takes the following parameters
- name - name of remote
- type - type of new remote
See the [config update command](/commands/rclone_config_update/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### core/bwlimit: Set the bandwidth limit.
This sets the bandwidth limit to that passed in.
Eg
rclone rc core/bwlimit rate=1M
rclone rc core/bwlimit rate=off
The format of the parameter is exactly the same as passed to --bwlimit
except only one bandwidth may be specified.
### core/gc: Runs a garbage collection.
This tells the go runtime to do a garbage collection run. It isn't
necessary to call this normally, but it can be useful for debugging
memory problems.
### core/memstats: Returns the memory statistics
This returns the memory statistics of the running program. What the values mean
are explained in the go docs: https://golang.org/pkg/runtime/#MemStats
The most interesting values for most people are:
* HeapAlloc: This is the amount of memory rclone is actually using
* HeapSys: This is the amount of memory rclone has obtained from the OS
* Sys: this is the total amount of memory requested from the OS
* It is virtual memory so may include unused memory
### core/obscure: Obscures a string passed in.
Pass a clear string and rclone will obscure it for the config file:
- clear - string
Returns
- obscured - string
### core/pid: Return PID of current process
This returns PID of current process.
Useful for stopping rclone process.
### core/stats: Returns stats about current transfers.
This returns all available stats
rclone rc core/stats
Returns the following values:
```
{
"speed": average speed in bytes/sec since start of the process,
"bytes": total transferred bytes since the start of the process,
"errors": number of errors,
"fatalError": whether there has been at least one FatalError,
"retryError": whether there has been at least one non-NoRetryError,
"checks": number of checked files,
"transfers": number of transferred files,
"deletes" : number of deleted files,
"elapsedTime": time in seconds since the start of the process,
"lastError": last occurred error,
"transferring": an array of currently active file transfers:
[
{
"bytes": total transferred bytes for this file,
"eta": estimated time in seconds until file transfer completion
"name": name of the file,
"percentage": progress of the file transfer in percent,
"speed": speed in bytes/sec,
"speedAvg": speed in bytes/sec as an exponentially weighted moving average,
"size": size of the file in bytes
}
],
"checking": an array of names of currently active file checks
[]
}
```
Values for "transferring", "checking" and "lastError" are only assigned if data is available.
The value for "eta" is null if an eta cannot be determined.
### core/version: Shows the current version of rclone and the go runtime.
This shows the current version of go and the go runtime
- version - rclone version, eg "v1.44"
- decomposed - version number as [major, minor, patch, subpatch]
- note patch and subpatch will be 999 for a git compiled version
- isGit - boolean - true if this was compiled from the git version
- os - OS in use as according to Go
- arch - cpu architecture in use according to Go
- goVersion - version of Go runtime in use
### job/list: Lists the IDs of the running jobs
Parameters - None
Results
- jobids - array of integer job ids
### job/status: Reads the status of the job ID
Parameters
- jobid - id of the job (integer)
Results
- finished - boolean
- duration - time in seconds that the job ran for
- endTime - time the job finished (eg "2018-10-26T18:50:20.528746884+01:00")
- error - error from the job or empty string for no error
- finished - boolean whether the job has finished or not
- id - as passed in above
- startTime - time the job started (eg "2018-10-26T18:50:20.528336039+01:00")
- success - boolean - true for success false otherwise
- output - output of the job as would have been returned if called synchronously
### operations/about: Return the space used on the remote
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
The result is as returned from rclone about --json
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/cleanup: Remove trashed files in the remote or path
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
See the [cleanup command](/commands/rclone_cleanup/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/copyfile: Copy a file from source remote to destination remote
This takes the following parameters
- srcFs - a remote name string eg "drive:" for the source
- srcRemote - a path within that remote eg "file.txt" for the source
- dstFs - a remote name string eg "drive2:" for the destination
- dstRemote - a path within that remote eg "file2.txt" for the destination
This returns
- jobid - ID of async job to query with job/status
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/copyurl: Copy the URL to the object
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
- url - string, URL to read from
See the [copyurl command](/commands/rclone_copyurl/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/delete: Remove files in the path
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
See the [delete command](/commands/rclone_delete/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/deletefile: Remove the single file pointed to
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
See the [deletefile command](/commands/rclone_deletefile/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/list: List the given remote and path in JSON format
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
- opt - a dictionary of options to control the listing (optional)
- recurse - If set recurse directories
- noModTime - If set return modification time
- showEncrypted - If set show decrypted names
- showOrigIDs - If set show the IDs for each item if known
- showHash - If set return a dictionary of hashes
The result is
- list
- This is an array of objects as described in the lsjson command
See the lsjson command for more information on the above and examples.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/mkdir: Make a destination directory or container
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
See the [mkdir command](/commands/rclone_mkdir/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/movefile: Move a file from source remote to destination remote
This takes the following parameters
- srcFs - a remote name string eg "drive:" for the source
- srcRemote - a path within that remote eg "file.txt" for the source
- dstFs - a remote name string eg "drive2:" for the destination
- dstRemote - a path within that remote eg "file2.txt" for the destination
This returns
- jobid - ID of async job to query with job/status
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/purge: Remove a directory or container and all of its contents
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
See the [purge command](/commands/rclone_purge/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/rmdir: Remove an empty directory or container
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
See the [rmdir command](/commands/rclone_rmdir/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/rmdirs: Remove all the empty directories in the path
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:"
- remote - a path within that remote eg "dir"
- leaveRoot - boolean, set to true not to delete the root
See the [rmdirs command](/commands/rclone_rmdirs/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### operations/size: Count the number of bytes and files in remote
This takes the following parameters
- fs - a remote name string eg "drive:path/to/dir"
Returns
- count - number of files
- bytes - number of bytes in those files
See the [size command](/commands/rclone_size/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### options/blocks: List all the option blocks
Returns
- options - a list of the options block names
### options/get: Get all the options
Returns an object where keys are option block names and values are an
object with the current option values in.
This shows the internal names of the option within rclone which should
map to the external options very easily with a few exceptions.
### options/set: Set an option
Parameters
- option block name containing an object with
- key: value
Repeated as often as required.
Only supply the options you wish to change. If an option is unknown
it will be silently ignored. Not all options will have an effect when
changed like this.
### rc/error: This returns an error
This returns an error with the input as part of its error string.
Useful for testing error handling.
### rc/list: List all the registered remote control commands
This lists all the registered remote control commands as a JSON map in
the commands response.
### rc/noop: Echo the input to the output parameters
This echoes the input parameters to the output parameters for testing
purposes. It can be used to check that rclone is still alive and to
check that parameter passing is working properly.
### rc/noopauth: Echo the input to the output parameters requiring auth
This echoes the input parameters to the output parameters for testing
purposes. It can be used to check that rclone is still alive and to
check that parameter passing is working properly.
Authentication is required for this call.
### sync/copy: copy a directory from source remote to destination remote
This takes the following parameters
- srcFs - a remote name string eg "drive:src" for the source
- dstFs - a remote name string eg "drive:dst" for the destination
This returns
- jobid - ID of async job to query with job/status
See the [copy command](/commands/rclone_copy/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### sync/move: move a directory from source remote to destination remote
This takes the following parameters
- srcFs - a remote name string eg "drive:src" for the source
- dstFs - a remote name string eg "drive:dst" for the destination
- deleteEmptySrcDirs - delete empty src directories if set
This returns
- jobid - ID of async job to query with job/status
See the [move command](/commands/rclone_move/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### sync/sync: sync a directory from source remote to destination remote
This takes the following parameters
- srcFs - a remote name string eg "drive:src" for the source
- dstFs - a remote name string eg "drive:dst" for the destination
This returns
- jobid - ID of async job to query with job/status
See the [sync command](/commands/rclone_sync/) command for more information on the above.
Authentication is required for this call.
### vfs/forget: Forget files or directories in the directory cache.
This forgets the paths in the directory cache causing them to be
re-read from the remote when needed.
If no paths are passed in then it will forget all the paths in the
directory cache.
rclone rc vfs/forget
Otherwise pass files or dirs in as file=path or dir=path. Any
parameter key starting with file will forget that file and any
starting with dir will forget that dir, eg
rclone rc vfs/forget file=hello file2=goodbye dir=home/junk
### vfs/poll-interval: Get the status or update the value of the poll-interval option.
Without any parameter given this returns the current status of the
poll-interval setting.
When the interval=duration parameter is set, the poll-interval value
is updated and the polling function is notified.
Setting interval=0 disables poll-interval.
rclone rc vfs/poll-interval interval=5m
The timeout=duration parameter can be used to specify a time to wait
for the current poll function to apply the new value.
If timeout is less or equal 0, which is the default, wait indefinitely.
The new poll-interval value will only be active when the timeout is
not reached.
If poll-interval is updated or disabled temporarily, some changes
might not get picked up by the polling function, depending on the
used remote.
### vfs/refresh: Refresh the directory cache.
This reads the directories for the specified paths and freshens the
directory cache.
If no paths are passed in then it will refresh the root directory.
rclone rc vfs/refresh
Otherwise pass directories in as dir=path. Any parameter key
starting with dir will refresh that directory, eg
rclone rc vfs/refresh dir=home/junk dir2=data/misc
If the parameter recursive=true is given the whole directory tree
will get refreshed. This refresh will use --fast-list if enabled.
<!--- autogenerated stop -->
## Accessing the remote control via HTTP
Rclone implements a simple HTTP based protocol.
Each endpoint takes an JSON object and returns a JSON object or an
error. The JSON objects are essentially a map of string names to
values.
All calls must made using POST.
The input objects can be supplied using URL parameters, POST
parameters or by supplying "Content-Type: application/json" and a JSON
blob in the body. There are examples of these below using `curl`.
The response will be a JSON blob in the body of the response. This is
formatted to be reasonably human readable.
### Error returns
If an error occurs then there will be an HTTP error status (eg 500)
and the body of the response will contain a JSON encoded error object,
eg
```
{
"error": "Expecting string value for key \"remote\" (was float64)",
"input": {
"fs": "/tmp",
"remote": 3
},
"status": 400
"path": "operations/rmdir",
}
```
The keys in the error response are
- error - error string
- input - the input parameters to the call
- status - the HTTP status code
- path - the path of the call
### CORS
The sever implements basic CORS support and allows all origins for that.
The response to a preflight OPTIONS request will echo the requested "Access-Control-Request-Headers" back.
### Using POST with URL parameters only
```
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:5572/rc/noop?potato=1&sausage=2'
```
Response
```
{
"potato": "1",
"sausage": "2"
}
```
Here is what an error response looks like:
```
curl -X POST 'http://localhost:5572/rc/error?potato=1&sausage=2'
```
```
{
"error": "arbitrary error on input map[potato:1 sausage:2]",
"input": {
"potato": "1",
"sausage": "2"
}
}
```
Note that curl doesn't return errors to the shell unless you use the `-f` option
```
$ curl -f -X POST 'http://localhost:5572/rc/error?potato=1&sausage=2'
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 400 Bad Request
$ echo $?
22
```
### Using POST with a form
```
curl --data "potato=1" --data "sausage=2" http://localhost:5572/rc/noop
```
Response
```
{
"potato": "1",
"sausage": "2"
}
```
Note that you can combine these with URL parameters too with the POST
parameters taking precedence.
```
curl --data "potato=1" --data "sausage=2" "http://localhost:5572/rc/noop?rutabaga=3&sausage=4"
```
Response
```
{
"potato": "1",
"rutabaga": "3",
"sausage": "4"
}
```
### Using POST with a JSON blob
```
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"potato":2,"sausage":1}' http://localhost:5572/rc/noop
```
response
```
{
"password": "xyz",
"username": "xyz"
}
```
This can be combined with URL parameters too if required. The JSON
blob takes precedence.
```
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"potato":2,"sausage":1}' 'http://localhost:5572/rc/noop?rutabaga=3&potato=4'
```
```
{
"potato": 2,
"rutabaga": "3",
"sausage": 1
}
```
## Debugging rclone with pprof ##
If you use the `--rc` flag this will also enable the use of the go
profiling tools on the same port.
To use these, first [install go](https://golang.org/doc/install).
### Debugging memory use
To profile rclone's memory use you can run:
go tool pprof -web http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/heap
This should open a page in your browser showing what is using what
memory.
You can also use the `-text` flag to produce a textual summary
```
$ go tool pprof -text http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/heap
Showing nodes accounting for 1537.03kB, 100% of 1537.03kB total
flat flat% sum% cum cum%
1024.03kB 66.62% 66.62% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/vendor/golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack.addDecoderNode
513kB 33.38% 100% 513kB 33.38% net/http.newBufioWriterSize
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/cmd/all.init
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/cmd/serve.init
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/cmd/serve/restic.init
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/vendor/golang.org/x/net/http2.init
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/vendor/golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack.init
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% github.com/ncw/rclone/vendor/golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack.init.0
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% main.init
0 0% 100% 513kB 33.38% net/http.(*conn).readRequest
0 0% 100% 513kB 33.38% net/http.(*conn).serve
0 0% 100% 1024.03kB 66.62% runtime.main
```
### Debugging go routine leaks
Memory leaks are most often caused by go routine leaks keeping memory
alive which should have been garbage collected.
See all active go routines using
curl http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/goroutine?debug=1
Or go to http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/goroutine?debug=1 in your browser.
### Other profiles to look at
You can see a summary of profiles available at http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/
Here is how to use some of them:
* Memory: `go tool pprof http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/heap`
* Go routines: `curl http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/goroutine?debug=1`
* 30-second CPU profile: `go tool pprof http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/profile`
* 5-second execution trace: `wget http://localhost:5572/debug/pprof/trace?seconds=5`
See the [net/http/pprof docs](https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/pprof/)
for more info on how to use the profiling and for a general overview
see [the Go team's blog post on profiling go programs](https://blog.golang.org/profiling-go-programs).
The profiling hook is [zero overhead unless it is used](https://stackoverflow.com/q/26545159/164234).
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