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mirror of https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp synced 2024-12-17 01:55:56 +01:00
yt-dlp/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py
2014-05-05 03:15:17 +02:00

602 lines
24 KiB
Python

import base64
import hashlib
import json
import os
import re
import socket
import sys
import netrc
import xml.etree.ElementTree
from ..utils import (
compat_http_client,
compat_urllib_error,
compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
compat_str,
clean_html,
compiled_regex_type,
ExtractorError,
RegexNotFoundError,
sanitize_filename,
unescapeHTML,
)
_NO_DEFAULT = object()
class InfoExtractor(object):
"""Information Extractor class.
Information extractors are the classes that, given a URL, extract
information about the video (or videos) the URL refers to. This
information includes the real video URL, the video title, author and
others. The information is stored in a dictionary which is then
passed to the FileDownloader. The FileDownloader processes this
information possibly downloading the video to the file system, among
other possible outcomes.
The dictionaries must include the following fields:
id: Video identifier.
title: Video title, unescaped.
Additionally, it must contain either a formats entry or a url one:
formats: A list of dictionaries for each format available, ordered
from worst to best quality.
Potential fields:
* url Mandatory. The URL of the video file
* ext Will be calculated from url if missing
* format A human-readable description of the format
("mp4 container with h264/opus").
Calculated from the format_id, width, height.
and format_note fields if missing.
* format_id A short description of the format
("mp4_h264_opus" or "19").
Technically optional, but strongly recommended.
* format_note Additional info about the format
("3D" or "DASH video")
* width Width of the video, if known
* height Height of the video, if known
* resolution Textual description of width and height
* tbr Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
* abr Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
* acodec Name of the audio codec in use
* asr Audio sampling rate in Hertz
* vbr Average video bitrate in KBit/s
* vcodec Name of the video codec in use
* container Name of the container format
* filesize The number of bytes, if known in advance
* player_url SWF Player URL (used for rtmpdump).
* protocol The protocol that will be used for the actual
download, lower-case.
"http", "https", "rtsp", "rtmp", "m3u8" or so.
* preference Order number of this format. If this field is
present and not None, the formats get sorted
by this field, regardless of all other values.
-1 for default (order by other properties),
-2 or smaller for less than default.
* quality Order number of the video quality of this
format, irrespective of the file format.
-1 for default (order by other properties),
-2 or smaller for less than default.
url: Final video URL.
ext: Video filename extension.
format: The video format, defaults to ext (used for --get-format)
player_url: SWF Player URL (used for rtmpdump).
The following fields are optional:
display_id An alternative identifier for the video, not necessarily
unique, but available before title. Typically, id is
something like "4234987", title "Dancing naked mole rats",
and display_id "dancing-naked-mole-rats"
thumbnails: A list of dictionaries (with the entries "resolution" and
"url") for the varying thumbnails
thumbnail: Full URL to a video thumbnail image.
description: One-line video description.
uploader: Full name of the video uploader.
timestamp: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available.
upload_date: Video upload date (YYYYMMDD).
If not explicitly set, calculated from timestamp.
uploader_id: Nickname or id of the video uploader.
location: Physical location of the video.
subtitles: The subtitle file contents as a dictionary in the format
{language: subtitles}.
duration: Length of the video in seconds, as an integer.
view_count: How many users have watched the video on the platform.
like_count: Number of positive ratings of the video
dislike_count: Number of negative ratings of the video
comment_count: Number of comments on the video
age_limit: Age restriction for the video, as an integer (years)
webpage_url: The url to the video webpage, if given to youtube-dl it
should allow to get the same result again. (It will be set
by YoutubeDL if it's missing)
Unless mentioned otherwise, the fields should be Unicode strings.
Subclasses of this one should re-define the _real_initialize() and
_real_extract() methods and define a _VALID_URL regexp.
Probably, they should also be added to the list of extractors.
Finally, the _WORKING attribute should be set to False for broken IEs
in order to warn the users and skip the tests.
"""
_ready = False
_downloader = None
_WORKING = True
def __init__(self, downloader=None):
"""Constructor. Receives an optional downloader."""
self._ready = False
self.set_downloader(downloader)
@classmethod
def suitable(cls, url):
"""Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
# This does not use has/getattr intentionally - we want to know whether
# we have cached the regexp for *this* class, whereas getattr would also
# match the superclass
if '_VALID_URL_RE' not in cls.__dict__:
cls._VALID_URL_RE = re.compile(cls._VALID_URL)
return cls._VALID_URL_RE.match(url) is not None
@classmethod
def working(cls):
"""Getter method for _WORKING."""
return cls._WORKING
def initialize(self):
"""Initializes an instance (authentication, etc)."""
if not self._ready:
self._real_initialize()
self._ready = True
def extract(self, url):
"""Extracts URL information and returns it in list of dicts."""
self.initialize()
return self._real_extract(url)
def set_downloader(self, downloader):
"""Sets the downloader for this IE."""
self._downloader = downloader
def _real_initialize(self):
"""Real initialization process. Redefine in subclasses."""
pass
def _real_extract(self, url):
"""Real extraction process. Redefine in subclasses."""
pass
@classmethod
def ie_key(cls):
"""A string for getting the InfoExtractor with get_info_extractor"""
return cls.__name__[:-2]
@property
def IE_NAME(self):
return type(self).__name__[:-2]
def _request_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True):
""" Returns the response handle """
if note is None:
self.report_download_webpage(video_id)
elif note is not False:
if video_id is None:
self.to_screen(u'%s' % (note,))
else:
self.to_screen(u'%s: %s' % (video_id, note))
try:
return self._downloader.urlopen(url_or_request)
except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
if errnote is False:
return False
if errnote is None:
errnote = u'Unable to download webpage'
errmsg = u'%s: %s' % (errnote, compat_str(err))
if fatal:
raise ExtractorError(errmsg, sys.exc_info()[2], cause=err)
else:
self._downloader.report_warning(errmsg)
return False
def _download_webpage_handle(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True):
""" Returns a tuple (page content as string, URL handle) """
# Strip hashes from the URL (#1038)
if isinstance(url_or_request, (compat_str, str)):
url_or_request = url_or_request.partition('#')[0]
urlh = self._request_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal)
if urlh is False:
assert not fatal
return False
content_type = urlh.headers.get('Content-Type', '')
webpage_bytes = urlh.read()
m = re.match(r'[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+/[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+\s*;\s*charset=(.+)', content_type)
if m:
encoding = m.group(1)
else:
m = re.search(br'<meta[^>]+charset=[\'"]?([^\'")]+)[ /\'">]',
webpage_bytes[:1024])
if m:
encoding = m.group(1).decode('ascii')
elif webpage_bytes.startswith(b'\xff\xfe'):
encoding = 'utf-16'
else:
encoding = 'utf-8'
if self._downloader.params.get('dump_intermediate_pages', False):
try:
url = url_or_request.get_full_url()
except AttributeError:
url = url_or_request
self.to_screen(u'Dumping request to ' + url)
dump = base64.b64encode(webpage_bytes).decode('ascii')
self._downloader.to_screen(dump)
if self._downloader.params.get('write_pages', False):
try:
url = url_or_request.get_full_url()
except AttributeError:
url = url_or_request
if len(url) > 200:
h = u'___' + hashlib.md5(url.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
url = url[:200 - len(h)] + h
raw_filename = ('%s_%s.dump' % (video_id, url))
filename = sanitize_filename(raw_filename, restricted=True)
self.to_screen(u'Saving request to ' + filename)
with open(filename, 'wb') as outf:
outf.write(webpage_bytes)
try:
content = webpage_bytes.decode(encoding, 'replace')
except LookupError:
content = webpage_bytes.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
if (u'<title>Access to this site is blocked</title>' in content and
u'Websense' in content[:512]):
msg = u'Access to this webpage has been blocked by Websense filtering software in your network.'
blocked_iframe = self._html_search_regex(
r'<iframe src="([^"]+)"', content,
u'Websense information URL', default=None)
if blocked_iframe:
msg += u' Visit %s for more details' % blocked_iframe
raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
return (content, urlh)
def _download_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True):
""" Returns the data of the page as a string """
res = self._download_webpage_handle(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal)
if res is False:
return res
else:
content, _ = res
return content
def _download_xml(self, url_or_request, video_id,
note=u'Downloading XML', errnote=u'Unable to download XML',
transform_source=None, fatal=True):
"""Return the xml as an xml.etree.ElementTree.Element"""
xml_string = self._download_webpage(
url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote, fatal=fatal)
if xml_string is False:
return xml_string
if transform_source:
xml_string = transform_source(xml_string)
return xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(xml_string.encode('utf-8'))
def _download_json(self, url_or_request, video_id,
note=u'Downloading JSON metadata',
errnote=u'Unable to download JSON metadata',
transform_source=None):
json_string = self._download_webpage(url_or_request, video_id, note, errnote)
if transform_source:
json_string = transform_source(json_string)
try:
return json.loads(json_string)
except ValueError as ve:
raise ExtractorError('Failed to download JSON', cause=ve)
def report_warning(self, msg, video_id=None):
idstr = u'' if video_id is None else u'%s: ' % video_id
self._downloader.report_warning(
u'[%s] %s%s' % (self.IE_NAME, idstr, msg))
def to_screen(self, msg):
"""Print msg to screen, prefixing it with '[ie_name]'"""
self._downloader.to_screen(u'[%s] %s' % (self.IE_NAME, msg))
def report_extraction(self, id_or_name):
"""Report information extraction."""
self.to_screen(u'%s: Extracting information' % id_or_name)
def report_download_webpage(self, video_id):
"""Report webpage download."""
self.to_screen(u'%s: Downloading webpage' % video_id)
def report_age_confirmation(self):
"""Report attempt to confirm age."""
self.to_screen(u'Confirming age')
def report_login(self):
"""Report attempt to log in."""
self.to_screen(u'Logging in')
#Methods for following #608
@staticmethod
def url_result(url, ie=None, video_id=None):
"""Returns a url that points to a page that should be processed"""
#TODO: ie should be the class used for getting the info
video_info = {'_type': 'url',
'url': url,
'ie_key': ie}
if video_id is not None:
video_info['id'] = video_id
return video_info
@staticmethod
def playlist_result(entries, playlist_id=None, playlist_title=None):
"""Returns a playlist"""
video_info = {'_type': 'playlist',
'entries': entries}
if playlist_id:
video_info['id'] = playlist_id
if playlist_title:
video_info['title'] = playlist_title
return video_info
def _search_regex(self, pattern, string, name, default=_NO_DEFAULT, fatal=True, flags=0):
"""
Perform a regex search on the given string, using a single or a list of
patterns returning the first matching group.
In case of failure return a default value or raise a WARNING or a
RegexNotFoundError, depending on fatal, specifying the field name.
"""
if isinstance(pattern, (str, compat_str, compiled_regex_type)):
mobj = re.search(pattern, string, flags)
else:
for p in pattern:
mobj = re.search(p, string, flags)
if mobj: break
if os.name != 'nt' and sys.stderr.isatty():
_name = u'\033[0;34m%s\033[0m' % name
else:
_name = name
if mobj:
# return the first matching group
return next(g for g in mobj.groups() if g is not None)
elif default is not _NO_DEFAULT:
return default
elif fatal:
raise RegexNotFoundError(u'Unable to extract %s' % _name)
else:
self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract %s; '
u'please report this issue on http://yt-dl.org/bug' % _name)
return None
def _html_search_regex(self, pattern, string, name, default=_NO_DEFAULT, fatal=True, flags=0):
"""
Like _search_regex, but strips HTML tags and unescapes entities.
"""
res = self._search_regex(pattern, string, name, default, fatal, flags)
if res:
return clean_html(res).strip()
else:
return res
def _get_login_info(self):
"""
Get the the login info as (username, password)
It will look in the netrc file using the _NETRC_MACHINE value
If there's no info available, return (None, None)
"""
if self._downloader is None:
return (None, None)
username = None
password = None
downloader_params = self._downloader.params
# Attempt to use provided username and password or .netrc data
if downloader_params.get('username', None) is not None:
username = downloader_params['username']
password = downloader_params['password']
elif downloader_params.get('usenetrc', False):
try:
info = netrc.netrc().authenticators(self._NETRC_MACHINE)
if info is not None:
username = info[0]
password = info[2]
else:
raise netrc.NetrcParseError('No authenticators for %s' % self._NETRC_MACHINE)
except (IOError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
self._downloader.report_warning(u'parsing .netrc: %s' % compat_str(err))
return (username, password)
# Helper functions for extracting OpenGraph info
@staticmethod
def _og_regexes(prop):
content_re = r'content=(?:"([^>]+?)"|\'([^>]+?)\')'
property_re = r'(?:name|property)=[\'"]og:%s[\'"]' % re.escape(prop)
template = r'<meta[^>]+?%s[^>]+?%s'
return [
template % (property_re, content_re),
template % (content_re, property_re),
]
def _og_search_property(self, prop, html, name=None, **kargs):
if name is None:
name = 'OpenGraph %s' % prop
escaped = self._search_regex(self._og_regexes(prop), html, name, flags=re.DOTALL, **kargs)
if escaped is None:
return None
return unescapeHTML(escaped)
def _og_search_thumbnail(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('image', html, u'thumbnail url', fatal=False, **kargs)
def _og_search_description(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('description', html, fatal=False, **kargs)
def _og_search_title(self, html, **kargs):
return self._og_search_property('title', html, **kargs)
def _og_search_video_url(self, html, name='video url', secure=True, **kargs):
regexes = self._og_regexes('video')
if secure: regexes = self._og_regexes('video:secure_url') + regexes
return self._html_search_regex(regexes, html, name, **kargs)
def _html_search_meta(self, name, html, display_name=None, fatal=False):
if display_name is None:
display_name = name
return self._html_search_regex(
r'''(?ix)<meta
(?=[^>]+(?:itemprop|name|property)=["\']%s["\'])
[^>]+content=["\']([^"\']+)["\']''' % re.escape(name),
html, display_name, fatal=fatal)
def _dc_search_uploader(self, html):
return self._html_search_meta('dc.creator', html, 'uploader')
def _rta_search(self, html):
# See http://www.rtalabel.org/index.php?content=howtofaq#single
if re.search(r'(?ix)<meta\s+name="rating"\s+'
r' content="RTA-5042-1996-1400-1577-RTA"',
html):
return 18
return 0
def _media_rating_search(self, html):
# See http://www.tjg-designs.com/WP/metadata-code-examples-adding-metadata-to-your-web-pages/
rating = self._html_search_meta('rating', html)
if not rating:
return None
RATING_TABLE = {
'safe for kids': 0,
'general': 8,
'14 years': 14,
'mature': 17,
'restricted': 19,
}
return RATING_TABLE.get(rating.lower(), None)
def _twitter_search_player(self, html):
return self._html_search_meta('twitter:player', html,
'twitter card player')
def _sort_formats(self, formats):
if not formats:
raise ExtractorError(u'No video formats found')
def _formats_key(f):
# TODO remove the following workaround
from ..utils import determine_ext
if not f.get('ext') and 'url' in f:
f['ext'] = determine_ext(f['url'])
preference = f.get('preference')
if preference is None:
proto = f.get('protocol')
if proto is None:
proto = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(f.get('url', '')).scheme
preference = 0 if proto in ['http', 'https'] else -0.1
if f.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']: # Not yet supported
preference -= 0.5
if f.get('vcodec') == 'none': # audio only
if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
ORDER = [u'aac', u'mp3', u'm4a', u'webm', u'ogg', u'opus']
else:
ORDER = [u'webm', u'opus', u'ogg', u'mp3', u'aac', u'm4a']
ext_preference = 0
try:
audio_ext_preference = ORDER.index(f['ext'])
except ValueError:
audio_ext_preference = -1
else:
if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats'):
ORDER = [u'flv', u'mp4', u'webm']
else:
ORDER = [u'webm', u'flv', u'mp4']
try:
ext_preference = ORDER.index(f['ext'])
except ValueError:
ext_preference = -1
audio_ext_preference = 0
return (
preference,
f.get('quality') if f.get('quality') is not None else -1,
f.get('height') if f.get('height') is not None else -1,
f.get('width') if f.get('width') is not None else -1,
ext_preference,
f.get('tbr') if f.get('tbr') is not None else -1,
f.get('vbr') if f.get('vbr') is not None else -1,
f.get('abr') if f.get('abr') is not None else -1,
audio_ext_preference,
f.get('filesize') if f.get('filesize') is not None else -1,
f.get('format_id'),
)
formats.sort(key=_formats_key)
def http_scheme(self):
""" Either "https:" or "https:", depending on the user's preferences """
return (
'http:'
if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
else 'https:')
class SearchInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
"""
Base class for paged search queries extractors.
They accept urls in the format _SEARCH_KEY(|all|[0-9]):{query}
Instances should define _SEARCH_KEY and _MAX_RESULTS.
"""
@classmethod
def _make_valid_url(cls):
return r'%s(?P<prefix>|[1-9][0-9]*|all):(?P<query>[\s\S]+)' % cls._SEARCH_KEY
@classmethod
def suitable(cls, url):
return re.match(cls._make_valid_url(), url) is not None
def _real_extract(self, query):
mobj = re.match(self._make_valid_url(), query)
if mobj is None:
raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid search query "%s"' % query)
prefix = mobj.group('prefix')
query = mobj.group('query')
if prefix == '':
return self._get_n_results(query, 1)
elif prefix == 'all':
return self._get_n_results(query, self._MAX_RESULTS)
else:
n = int(prefix)
if n <= 0:
raise ExtractorError(u'invalid download number %s for query "%s"' % (n, query))
elif n > self._MAX_RESULTS:
self._downloader.report_warning(u'%s returns max %i results (you requested %i)' % (self._SEARCH_KEY, self._MAX_RESULTS, n))
n = self._MAX_RESULTS
return self._get_n_results(query, n)
def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
"""Get a specified number of results for a query"""
raise NotImplementedError("This method must be implemented by subclasses")
@property
def SEARCH_KEY(self):
return self._SEARCH_KEY