1
mirror of https://github.com/rclone/rclone synced 2024-12-14 02:29:58 +01:00
rclone/sftp/sftp.go
2017-08-07 21:34:05 +01:00

896 lines
22 KiB
Go

// Package sftp provides a filesystem interface using github.com/pkg/sftp
// +build !plan9
package sftp
import (
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path"
"regexp"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
"github.com/ncw/rclone/fs"
"github.com/pkg/errors"
"github.com/pkg/sftp"
"github.com/xanzy/ssh-agent"
"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
"golang.org/x/net/context"
"golang.org/x/time/rate"
)
const (
connectionsPerSecond = 10 // don't make more than this many ssh connections/s
)
func init() {
fsi := &fs.RegInfo{
Name: "sftp",
Description: "SSH/SFTP Connection",
NewFs: NewFs,
Options: []fs.Option{{
Name: "host",
Help: "SSH host to connect to",
Optional: false,
Examples: []fs.OptionExample{{
Value: "example.com",
Help: "Connect to example.com",
}},
}, {
Name: "user",
Help: "SSH username, leave blank for current username, " + os.Getenv("USER"),
Optional: true,
}, {
Name: "port",
Help: "SSH port, leave blank to use default (22)",
Optional: true,
}, {
Name: "pass",
Help: "SSH password, leave blank to use ssh-agent.",
Optional: true,
IsPassword: true,
}, {
Name: "key_file",
Help: "Path to unencrypted PEM-encoded private key file, leave blank to use ssh-agent.",
Optional: true,
}},
}
fs.Register(fsi)
}
// Fs stores the interface to the remote SFTP files
type Fs struct {
name string
root string
features *fs.Features // optional features
config *ssh.ClientConfig
host string
port string
url string
mkdirLock *stringLock
cachedHashes *fs.HashSet
poolMu sync.Mutex
pool []*conn
connLimit *rate.Limiter // for limiting number of connections per second
}
// Object is a remote SFTP file that has been stat'd (so it exists, but is not necessarily open for reading)
type Object struct {
fs *Fs
remote string
size int64 // size of the object
modTime time.Time // modification time of the object
mode os.FileMode // mode bits from the file
md5sum *string // Cached MD5 checksum
sha1sum *string // Cached SHA1 checksum
}
// ObjectReader holds the sftp.File interface to a remote SFTP file opened for reading
type ObjectReader struct {
object *Object
sftpFile *sftp.File
}
// Dial starts a client connection to the given SSH server. It is a
// convenience function that connects to the given network address,
// initiates the SSH handshake, and then sets up a Client.
func Dial(network, addr string, config *ssh.ClientConfig) (*ssh.Client, error) {
dialer := fs.Config.NewDialer()
conn, err := dialer.Dial(network, addr)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
c, chans, reqs, err := ssh.NewClientConn(conn, addr, config)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return ssh.NewClient(c, chans, reqs), nil
}
// conn encapsulates an ssh client and corresponding sftp client
type conn struct {
sshClient *ssh.Client
sftpClient *sftp.Client
err chan error
}
// Wait for connection to close
func (c *conn) wait() {
c.err <- c.sshClient.Conn.Wait()
}
// Closes the connection
func (c *conn) close() error {
sftpErr := c.sftpClient.Close()
sshErr := c.sshClient.Close()
if sftpErr != nil {
return sftpErr
}
return sshErr
}
// Returns an error if closed
func (c *conn) closed() error {
select {
case err := <-c.err:
return err
default:
}
return nil
}
// Open a new connection to the SFTP server.
func (f *Fs) sftpConnection() (c *conn, err error) {
// Rate limit rate of new connections
err = f.connLimit.Wait(context.Background())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "limiter failed in connect")
}
c = &conn{
err: make(chan error, 1),
}
c.sshClient, err = Dial("tcp", f.host+":"+f.port, f.config)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "couldn't connect SSH")
}
c.sftpClient, err = sftp.NewClient(c.sshClient)
if err != nil {
_ = c.sshClient.Close()
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "couldn't initialise SFTP")
}
go c.wait()
return c, nil
}
// Get an SFTP connection from the pool, or open a new one
func (f *Fs) getSftpConnection() (c *conn, err error) {
f.poolMu.Lock()
for len(f.pool) > 0 {
c = f.pool[0]
f.pool = f.pool[1:]
err := c.closed()
if err == nil {
break
}
fs.Errorf(f, "Discarding closed SSH connection: %v", err)
c = nil
}
f.poolMu.Unlock()
if c != nil {
return c, nil
}
return f.sftpConnection()
}
// Return an SFTP connection to the pool
//
// It nils the pointed to connection out so it can't be reused
//
// if err is not nil then it checks the connection is alive using a
// Getwd request
func (f *Fs) putSftpConnection(pc **conn, err error) {
c := *pc
*pc = nil
if err != nil {
// work out if this is an expected error
underlyingErr := errors.Cause(err)
isRegularError := false
switch underlyingErr {
case os.ErrNotExist:
isRegularError = true
default:
switch underlyingErr.(type) {
case *sftp.StatusError, *os.PathError:
isRegularError = true
}
}
// If not a regular SFTP error code then check the connection
if !isRegularError {
_, nopErr := c.sftpClient.Getwd()
if nopErr != nil {
fs.Debugf(f, "Connection failed, closing: %v", nopErr)
_ = c.close()
return
}
fs.Debugf(f, "Connection OK after error: %v", err)
}
}
f.poolMu.Lock()
f.pool = append(f.pool, c)
f.poolMu.Unlock()
}
// NewFs creates a new Fs object from the name and root. It connects to
// the host specified in the config file.
func NewFs(name, root string) (fs.Fs, error) {
user := fs.ConfigFileGet(name, "user")
host := fs.ConfigFileGet(name, "host")
port := fs.ConfigFileGet(name, "port")
pass := fs.ConfigFileGet(name, "pass")
keyFile := fs.ConfigFileGet(name, "key_file")
if user == "" {
user = os.Getenv("USER")
}
if port == "" {
port = "22"
}
config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
User: user,
Auth: []ssh.AuthMethod{},
HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey(),
Timeout: fs.Config.ConnectTimeout,
}
// Add ssh agent-auth if no password or file specified
if pass == "" && keyFile == "" {
sshAgentClient, _, err := sshagent.New()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "couldn't connect to ssh-agent")
}
signers, err := sshAgentClient.Signers()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "couldn't read ssh agent signers")
}
config.Auth = append(config.Auth, ssh.PublicKeys(signers...))
}
// Load key file if specified
if keyFile != "" {
key, err := ioutil.ReadFile(keyFile)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to read private key file")
}
signer, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(key)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to parse private key file")
}
config.Auth = append(config.Auth, ssh.PublicKeys(signer))
}
// Auth from password if specified
if pass != "" {
clearpass, err := fs.Reveal(pass)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
config.Auth = append(config.Auth, ssh.Password(clearpass))
}
f := &Fs{
name: name,
root: root,
config: config,
host: host,
port: port,
url: "sftp://" + user + "@" + host + ":" + port + "/" + root,
mkdirLock: newStringLock(),
connLimit: rate.NewLimiter(rate.Limit(connectionsPerSecond), 1),
}
f.features = (&fs.Features{}).Fill(f)
// Make a connection and pool it to return errors early
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "NewFs")
}
f.putSftpConnection(&c, nil)
if root != "" {
// Check to see if the root actually an existing file
remote := path.Base(root)
f.root = path.Dir(root)
if f.root == "." {
f.root = ""
}
_, err := f.NewObject(remote)
if err != nil {
if err == fs.ErrorObjectNotFound || errors.Cause(err) == fs.ErrorNotAFile {
// File doesn't exist so return old f
f.root = root
return f, nil
}
return nil, err
}
// return an error with an fs which points to the parent
return f, fs.ErrorIsFile
}
return f, nil
}
// Name returns the configured name of the file system
func (f *Fs) Name() string {
return f.name
}
// Root returns the root for the filesystem
func (f *Fs) Root() string {
return f.root
}
// String returns the URL for the filesystem
func (f *Fs) String() string {
return f.url
}
// Features returns the optional features of this Fs
func (f *Fs) Features() *fs.Features {
return f.features
}
// Precision is the remote sftp file system's modtime precision, which we have no way of knowing. We estimate at 1s
func (f *Fs) Precision() time.Duration {
return time.Second
}
// NewObject creates a new remote sftp file object
func (f *Fs) NewObject(remote string) (fs.Object, error) {
o := &Object{
fs: f,
remote: remote,
}
err := o.stat()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return o, nil
}
// dirExists returns true,nil if the directory exists, false, nil if
// it doesn't or false, err
func (f *Fs) dirExists(dir string) (bool, error) {
if dir == "" {
dir = "."
}
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return false, errors.Wrap(err, "dirExists")
}
info, err := c.sftpClient.Stat(dir)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
if os.IsNotExist(err) {
return false, nil
}
return false, errors.Wrap(err, "dirExists stat failed")
}
if !info.IsDir() {
return false, fs.ErrorIsFile
}
return true, nil
}
// List the objects and directories in dir into entries. The
// entries can be returned in any order but should be for a
// complete directory.
//
// dir should be "" to list the root, and should not have
// trailing slashes.
//
// This should return ErrDirNotFound if the directory isn't
// found.
func (f *Fs) List(dir string) (entries fs.DirEntries, err error) {
root := path.Join(f.root, dir)
ok, err := f.dirExists(root)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "List failed")
}
if !ok {
return nil, fs.ErrorDirNotFound
}
sftpDir := root
if sftpDir == "" {
sftpDir = "."
}
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "List")
}
infos, err := c.sftpClient.ReadDir(sftpDir)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error listing %q", dir)
}
for _, info := range infos {
remote := path.Join(dir, info.Name())
if info.IsDir() {
d := fs.NewDir(remote, info.ModTime())
entries = append(entries, d)
} else {
o := &Object{
fs: f,
remote: remote,
}
o.setMetadata(info)
entries = append(entries, o)
}
}
return entries, nil
}
// Put data from <in> into a new remote sftp file object described by <src.Remote()> and <src.ModTime()>
func (f *Fs) Put(in io.Reader, src fs.ObjectInfo, options ...fs.OpenOption) (fs.Object, error) {
err := f.mkParentDir(src.Remote())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Put mkParentDir failed")
}
// Temporary object under construction
o := &Object{
fs: f,
remote: src.Remote(),
}
err = o.Update(in, src, options...)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return o, nil
}
// PutStream uploads to the remote path with the modTime given of indeterminate size
func (f *Fs) PutStream(in io.Reader, src fs.ObjectInfo, options ...fs.OpenOption) (fs.Object, error) {
return f.Put(in, src, options...)
}
// mkParentDir makes the parent of remote if necessary and any
// directories above that
func (f *Fs) mkParentDir(remote string) error {
parent := path.Dir(remote)
return f.mkdir(path.Join(f.root, parent))
}
// mkdir makes the directory and parents using native paths
func (f *Fs) mkdir(dirPath string) error {
f.mkdirLock.Lock(dirPath)
defer f.mkdirLock.Unlock(dirPath)
if dirPath == "." || dirPath == "/" {
return nil
}
ok, err := f.dirExists(dirPath)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "mkdir dirExists failed")
}
if ok {
return nil
}
parent := path.Dir(dirPath)
err = f.mkdir(parent)
if err != nil {
return err
}
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "mkdir")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Mkdir(dirPath)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "mkdir %q failed", dirPath)
}
return nil
}
// Mkdir makes the root directory of the Fs object
func (f *Fs) Mkdir(dir string) error {
root := path.Join(f.root, dir)
return f.mkdir(root)
}
// Rmdir removes the root directory of the Fs object
func (f *Fs) Rmdir(dir string) error {
root := path.Join(f.root, dir)
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "Rmdir")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Remove(root)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
return err
}
// Move renames a remote sftp file object
func (f *Fs) Move(src fs.Object, remote string) (fs.Object, error) {
srcObj, ok := src.(*Object)
if !ok {
fs.Debugf(src, "Can't move - not same remote type")
return nil, fs.ErrorCantMove
}
err := f.mkParentDir(remote)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Move mkParentDir failed")
}
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Move")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Rename(
srcObj.path(),
path.Join(f.root, remote),
)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Move Rename failed")
}
dstObj, err := f.NewObject(remote)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Move NewObject failed")
}
return dstObj, nil
}
// DirMove moves src, srcRemote to this remote at dstRemote
// using server side move operations.
//
// Will only be called if src.Fs().Name() == f.Name()
//
// If it isn't possible then return fs.ErrorCantDirMove
//
// If destination exists then return fs.ErrorDirExists
func (f *Fs) DirMove(src fs.Fs, srcRemote, dstRemote string) error {
srcFs, ok := src.(*Fs)
if !ok {
fs.Debugf(srcFs, "Can't move directory - not same remote type")
return fs.ErrorCantDirMove
}
srcPath := path.Join(srcFs.root, srcRemote)
dstPath := path.Join(f.root, dstRemote)
// Check if destination exists
ok, err := f.dirExists(dstPath)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "DirMove dirExists dst failed")
}
if ok {
return fs.ErrorDirExists
}
// Make sure the parent directory exists
err = f.mkdir(path.Dir(dstPath))
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "DirMove mkParentDir dst failed")
}
// Do the move
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "DirMove")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Rename(
srcPath,
dstPath,
)
f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "DirMove Rename(%q,%q) failed", srcPath, dstPath)
}
return nil
}
// Hashes returns the supported hash types of the filesystem
func (f *Fs) Hashes() fs.HashSet {
if f.cachedHashes != nil {
return *f.cachedHashes
}
c, err := f.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
fs.Errorf(f, "Couldn't get SSH connection to figure out Hashes: %v", err)
return fs.HashSet(fs.HashNone)
}
defer f.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
session, err := c.sshClient.NewSession()
if err != nil {
return fs.HashSet(fs.HashNone)
}
sha1Output, _ := session.Output("echo 'abc' | sha1sum")
expectedSha1 := "03cfd743661f07975fa2f1220c5194cbaff48451"
_ = session.Close()
session, err = c.sshClient.NewSession()
if err != nil {
return fs.HashSet(fs.HashNone)
}
md5Output, _ := session.Output("echo 'abc' | md5sum")
expectedMd5 := "0bee89b07a248e27c83fc3d5951213c1"
_ = session.Close()
sha1Works := parseHash(sha1Output) == expectedSha1
md5Works := parseHash(md5Output) == expectedMd5
set := fs.NewHashSet()
if !sha1Works && !md5Works {
set.Add(fs.HashNone)
}
if sha1Works {
set.Add(fs.HashSHA1)
}
if md5Works {
set.Add(fs.HashMD5)
}
_ = session.Close()
f.cachedHashes = &set
return set
}
// Fs is the filesystem this remote sftp file object is located within
func (o *Object) Fs() fs.Info {
return o.fs
}
// String returns the URL to the remote SFTP file
func (o *Object) String() string {
if o == nil {
return "<nil>"
}
return o.remote
}
// Remote the name of the remote SFTP file, relative to the fs root
func (o *Object) Remote() string {
return o.remote
}
// Hash returns the selected checksum of the file
// If no checksum is available it returns ""
func (o *Object) Hash(r fs.HashType) (string, error) {
if r == fs.HashMD5 && o.md5sum != nil {
return *o.md5sum, nil
} else if r == fs.HashSHA1 && o.sha1sum != nil {
return *o.sha1sum, nil
}
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return "", errors.Wrap(err, "Hash")
}
session, err := c.sshClient.NewSession()
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
o.fs.cachedHashes = nil // Something has changed on the remote system
return "", fs.ErrHashUnsupported
}
err = fs.ErrHashUnsupported
var outputBytes []byte
escapedPath := shellEscape(o.path())
if r == fs.HashMD5 {
outputBytes, err = session.Output("md5sum " + escapedPath)
} else if r == fs.HashSHA1 {
outputBytes, err = session.Output("sha1sum " + escapedPath)
}
if err != nil {
o.fs.cachedHashes = nil // Something has changed on the remote system
_ = session.Close()
return "", fs.ErrHashUnsupported
}
_ = session.Close()
str := parseHash(outputBytes)
if r == fs.HashMD5 {
o.md5sum = &str
} else if r == fs.HashSHA1 {
o.sha1sum = &str
}
return str, nil
}
var shellEscapeRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`[^A-Za-z0-9_.,:/@\n-]`)
// Escape a string s.t. it cannot cause unintended behavior
// when sending it to a shell.
func shellEscape(str string) string {
safe := shellEscapeRegex.ReplaceAllString(str, `\$0`)
return strings.Replace(safe, "\n", "'\n'", -1)
}
// Converts a byte array from the SSH session returned by
// an invocation of md5sum/sha1sum to a hash string
// as expected by the rest of this application
func parseHash(bytes []byte) string {
return strings.Split(string(bytes), " ")[0] // Split at hash / filename separator
}
// Size returns the size in bytes of the remote sftp file
func (o *Object) Size() int64 {
return o.size
}
// ModTime returns the modification time of the remote sftp file
func (o *Object) ModTime() time.Time {
return o.modTime
}
// path returns the native path of the object
func (o *Object) path() string {
return path.Join(o.fs.root, o.remote)
}
// setMetadata updates the info in the object from the stat result passed in
func (o *Object) setMetadata(info os.FileInfo) {
o.modTime = info.ModTime()
o.size = info.Size()
o.mode = info.Mode()
}
// stat updates the info in the Object
func (o *Object) stat() error {
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "stat")
}
info, err := c.sftpClient.Stat(o.path())
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
if os.IsNotExist(err) {
return fs.ErrorObjectNotFound
}
return errors.Wrap(err, "stat failed")
}
if info.IsDir() {
return errors.Wrapf(fs.ErrorNotAFile, "%q", o.remote)
}
o.setMetadata(info)
return nil
}
// SetModTime sets the modification and access time to the specified time
//
// it also updates the info field
func (o *Object) SetModTime(modTime time.Time) error {
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "SetModTime")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Chtimes(o.path(), modTime, modTime)
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "SetModTime failed")
}
err = o.stat()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "SetModTime failed")
}
return nil
}
// Storable returns whether the remote sftp file is a regular file (not a directory, symbolic link, block device, character device, named pipe, etc)
func (o *Object) Storable() bool {
return o.mode.IsRegular()
}
// Read from a remote sftp file object reader
func (file *ObjectReader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
n, err = file.sftpFile.Read(p)
return n, err
}
// Close a reader of a remote sftp file
func (file *ObjectReader) Close() (err error) {
err = file.sftpFile.Close()
return err
}
// Open a remote sftp file object for reading. Seek is supported
func (o *Object) Open(options ...fs.OpenOption) (in io.ReadCloser, err error) {
var offset int64
offset = 0
for _, option := range options {
switch x := option.(type) {
case *fs.SeekOption:
offset = x.Offset
default:
if option.Mandatory() {
fs.Logf(o, "Unsupported mandatory option: %v", option)
}
}
}
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Open")
}
sftpFile, err := c.sftpClient.Open(o.path())
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Open failed")
}
if offset > 0 {
off, err := sftpFile.Seek(offset, 0)
if err != nil || off != offset {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "Open Seek failed")
}
}
in = &ObjectReader{
object: o,
sftpFile: sftpFile,
}
return in, nil
}
// Update a remote sftp file using the data <in> and ModTime from <src>
func (o *Object) Update(in io.Reader, src fs.ObjectInfo, options ...fs.OpenOption) error {
// Clear the hash cache since we are about to update the object
o.md5sum = nil
o.sha1sum = nil
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "Update")
}
file, err := c.sftpClient.Create(o.path())
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "Update Create failed")
}
// remove the file if upload failed
remove := func() {
c, removeErr := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if removeErr != nil {
fs.Debugf(src, "Failed to open new SSH connection for delete: %v", removeErr)
return
}
removeErr = c.sftpClient.Remove(o.path())
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, removeErr)
if removeErr != nil {
fs.Debugf(src, "Failed to remove: %v", removeErr)
} else {
fs.Debugf(src, "Removed after failed upload: %v", err)
}
}
_, err = file.ReadFrom(in)
if err != nil {
remove()
return errors.Wrap(err, "Update ReadFrom failed")
}
err = file.Close()
if err != nil {
remove()
return errors.Wrap(err, "Update Close failed")
}
err = o.SetModTime(src.ModTime())
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "Update SetModTime failed")
}
return nil
}
// Remove a remote sftp file object
func (o *Object) Remove() error {
c, err := o.fs.getSftpConnection()
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "Remove")
}
err = c.sftpClient.Remove(o.path())
o.fs.putSftpConnection(&c, err)
return err
}
// Check the interfaces are satisfied
var (
_ fs.Fs = &Fs{}
_ fs.PutStreamer = &Fs{}
_ fs.Mover = &Fs{}
_ fs.DirMover = &Fs{}
_ fs.Object = &Object{}
)