ha-core/homeassistant/__main__.py

"""Start Home Assistant."""
from __future__ import annotations

import argparse
import os
import platform
import subprocess
import sys
import threading

from homeassistant.const import REQUIRED_PYTHON_VER, RESTART_EXIT_CODE, __version__


def validate_python() -> None:
    """Validate that the right Python version is running."""
    if sys.version_info[:3] < REQUIRED_PYTHON_VER:
        print(
            "Home Assistant requires at least Python "
            f"{REQUIRED_PYTHON_VER[0]}.{REQUIRED_PYTHON_VER[1]}.{REQUIRED_PYTHON_VER[2]}"
        )
        sys.exit(1)


def ensure_config_path(config_dir: str) -> None:
    """Validate the configuration directory."""
    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
    import homeassistant.config as config_util

    lib_dir = os.path.join(config_dir, "deps")

    # Test if configuration directory exists
    if not os.path.isdir(config_dir):
        if config_dir != config_util.get_default_config_dir():
            print(
                f"Fatal Error: Specified configuration directory {config_dir} "
                "does not exist"
            )
            sys.exit(1)

        try:
            os.mkdir(config_dir)
        except OSError:
            print(
                "Fatal Error: Unable to create default configuration "
                f"directory {config_dir}"
            )
            sys.exit(1)

    # Test if library directory exists
    if not os.path.isdir(lib_dir):
        try:
            os.mkdir(lib_dir)
        except OSError:
            print(f"Fatal Error: Unable to create library directory {lib_dir}")
            sys.exit(1)


def get_arguments() -> argparse.Namespace:
    """Get parsed passed in arguments."""
    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
    import homeassistant.config as config_util

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Home Assistant: Observe, Control, Automate."
    )
    parser.add_argument("--version", action="version", version=__version__)
    parser.add_argument(
        "-c",
        "--config",
        metavar="path_to_config_dir",
        default=config_util.get_default_config_dir(),
        help="Directory that contains the Home Assistant configuration",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--safe-mode", action="store_true", help="Start Home Assistant in safe mode"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--debug", action="store_true", help="Start Home Assistant in debug mode"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--open-ui", action="store_true", help="Open the webinterface in a browser"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--skip-pip",
        action="store_true",
        help="Skips pip install of required packages on startup",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", help="Enable verbose logging to file."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--pid-file",
        metavar="path_to_pid_file",
        default=None,
        help="Path to PID file useful for running as daemon",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--log-rotate-days",
        type=int,
        default=None,
        help="Enables daily log rotation and keeps up to the specified days",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--log-file",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        help="Log file to write to.  If not set, CONFIG/home-assistant.log is used",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--log-no-color", action="store_true", help="Disable color logs"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--runner",
        action="store_true",
        help=f"On restart exit with code {RESTART_EXIT_CODE}",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--script", nargs=argparse.REMAINDER, help="Run one of the embedded scripts"
    )
    if os.name == "posix":
        parser.add_argument(
            "--daemon", action="store_true", help="Run Home Assistant as daemon"
        )

    arguments = parser.parse_args()
    if os.name != "posix" or arguments.debug or arguments.runner:
        setattr(arguments, "daemon", False)

    return arguments


def daemonize() -> None:
    """Move current process to daemon process."""
    # Create first fork
    pid = os.fork()
    if pid > 0:
        sys.exit(0)

    # Decouple fork
    os.setsid()

    # Create second fork
    pid = os.fork()
    if pid > 0:
        sys.exit(0)

    # redirect standard file descriptors to devnull
    # pylint: disable=consider-using-with
    infd = open(os.devnull)
    outfd = open(os.devnull, "a+")
    sys.stdout.flush()
    sys.stderr.flush()
    os.dup2(infd.fileno(), sys.stdin.fileno())
    os.dup2(outfd.fileno(), sys.stdout.fileno())
    os.dup2(outfd.fileno(), sys.stderr.fileno())


def check_pid(pid_file: str) -> None:
    """Check that Home Assistant is not already running."""
    # Check pid file
    try:
        with open(pid_file) as file:
            pid = int(file.readline())
    except OSError:
        # PID File does not exist
        return

    # If we just restarted, we just found our own pidfile.
    if pid == os.getpid():
        return

    try:
        os.kill(pid, 0)
    except OSError:
        # PID does not exist
        return
    print("Fatal Error: Home Assistant is already running.")
    sys.exit(1)


def write_pid(pid_file: str) -> None:
    """Create a PID File."""
    pid = os.getpid()
    try:
        with open(pid_file, "w") as file:
            file.write(str(pid))
    except OSError:
        print(f"Fatal Error: Unable to write pid file {pid_file}")
        sys.exit(1)


def closefds_osx(min_fd: int, max_fd: int) -> None:
    """Make sure file descriptors get closed when we restart.

    We cannot call close on guarded fds, and we cannot easily test which fds
    are guarded. But we can set the close-on-exec flag on everything we want to
    get rid of.
    """
    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
    from fcntl import F_GETFD, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC, fcntl

    for _fd in range(min_fd, max_fd):
        try:
            val = fcntl(_fd, F_GETFD)
            if not val & FD_CLOEXEC:
                fcntl(_fd, F_SETFD, val | FD_CLOEXEC)
        except OSError:
            pass


def cmdline() -> list[str]:
    """Collect path and arguments to re-execute the current hass instance."""
    if os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) == "__main__.py":
        modulepath = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
        os.environ["PYTHONPATH"] = os.path.dirname(modulepath)
        return [sys.executable] + [arg for arg in sys.argv if arg != "--daemon"]

    return [arg for arg in sys.argv if arg != "--daemon"]


def try_to_restart() -> None:
    """Attempt to clean up state and start a new Home Assistant instance."""
    # Things should be mostly shut down already at this point, now just try
    # to clean up things that may have been left behind.
    sys.stderr.write("Home Assistant attempting to restart.\n")

    # Count remaining threads, ideally there should only be one non-daemonized
    # thread left (which is us). Nothing we really do with it, but it might be
    # useful when debugging shutdown/restart issues.
    try:
        nthreads = sum(
            thread.is_alive() and not thread.daemon for thread in threading.enumerate()
        )
        if nthreads > 1:
            sys.stderr.write(f"Found {nthreads} non-daemonic threads.\n")

    # Somehow we sometimes seem to trigger an assertion in the python threading
    # module. It seems we find threads that have no associated OS level thread
    # which are not marked as stopped at the python level.
    except AssertionError:
        sys.stderr.write("Failed to count non-daemonic threads.\n")

    # Try to not leave behind open filedescriptors with the emphasis on try.
    try:
        max_fd = os.sysconf("SC_OPEN_MAX")
    except ValueError:
        max_fd = 256

    if platform.system() == "Darwin":
        closefds_osx(3, max_fd)
    else:
        os.closerange(3, max_fd)

    # Now launch into a new instance of Home Assistant. If this fails we
    # fall through and exit with error 100 (RESTART_EXIT_CODE) in which case
    # systemd will restart us when RestartForceExitStatus=100 is set in the
    # systemd.service file.
    sys.stderr.write("Restarting Home Assistant\n")
    args = cmdline()
    os.execv(args[0], args)


def main() -> int:
    """Start Home Assistant."""
    validate_python()

    # Run a simple daemon runner process on Windows to handle restarts
    if os.name == "nt" and "--runner" not in sys.argv:
        nt_args = cmdline() + ["--runner"]
        while True:
            try:
                subprocess.check_call(nt_args)
                sys.exit(0)
            except KeyboardInterrupt:
                sys.exit(0)
            except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
                if exc.returncode != RESTART_EXIT_CODE:
                    sys.exit(exc.returncode)

    args = get_arguments()

    if args.script is not None:
        # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
        from homeassistant import scripts

        return scripts.run(args.script)

    config_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), args.config))
    ensure_config_path(config_dir)

    # Daemon functions
    if args.pid_file:
        check_pid(args.pid_file)
    if args.daemon:
        daemonize()
    if args.pid_file:
        write_pid(args.pid_file)

    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
    from homeassistant import runner

    runtime_conf = runner.RuntimeConfig(
        config_dir=config_dir,
        verbose=args.verbose,
        log_rotate_days=args.log_rotate_days,
        log_file=args.log_file,
        log_no_color=args.log_no_color,
        skip_pip=args.skip_pip,
        safe_mode=args.safe_mode,
        debug=args.debug,
        open_ui=args.open_ui,
    )

    exit_code = runner.run(runtime_conf)
    if exit_code == RESTART_EXIT_CODE and not args.runner:
        try_to_restart()

    return exit_code


if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())